Med. Weter. 70 (10), 638-643, 2014
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| Brodzki A., Sobczyńska-Rak A., Brodzki P., Tatara M.R., Silmanowicz P. |
| Occurrence, etiology and antihormonal treatment of perianal gland tumors in male dogs |
| The aim of the study: Perianal gland tumors in dogs are the third most prevalent tumors among all neoplastic diseases in males, and are considered a serious health impairment. It has been shown that perianal gland tumors are hormone-dependent, and the most frequently diagnosed type of these tumors are adenomas. The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of perianal tumors in dogs in the Lublin region. Moreover, dogs with perianal gland tumors were subjected to antihormonal treatment. Materials and methods: This study involved the use of both Tamoxifen, as an antiestrogen, and Androcur, as an antiandrogen. Tamoxifen and Androcur were administered on the basis of sex hormone levels in the serum of the dogs. The study was performed on 45 male dogs aged 8-17 years, which suffered from perianal tumors. The diagnostic procedure was based on the histopathological examination of biopsies and on serum 17-β-estradiol and testosterone concentrations determined by the ELISA method. In all experimental groups, 27 cases were diagnosed as adenoma (non-malignant tumors), 14 dogs suffered from epithelioma (low malignancy), and 4 patients had carcinoma (malignant tumors). Basic antihormonal treatment lasted for one month. Dogs with an elevated 17-β-estradiol level underwent antiandrogen treatment, whereas an increased concentration of testosterone was the diagnostic criterion for antiandrogen treatment. Results: The antihormonal therapy of dogs with adenoma was effective in 90% of cases, and there was no recurrence of the disease during the 6-month period of observation. In 10% of adenoma cases,, the size of perianal tumors was reduced significantly, and there was no bleeding. In such cases, the antihormonal treatment was prolonged for another two weeks. Eventually, all adenoma tumors disappeared completely, and the disease did not recur. In the case of epithelioma, the treatment was effective in 70% of patients, whereas in the remaining 30% of animals the size of tumors was significantly reduced. However, in the latter group, the extension of therapy by 2 weeks did not eliminate neoplastic changes. During the 6-month period of clinical observation, 60% of epithelioma cases showed recurrence. The antihormonal treatment of dogs with carcinoma resulted only in a reduced size of perianal tumors. In all such cases, the recurrence of neoplastic disease was observed with the following rapid growth of the tumors. Conclusions: This study has shown that antihormonal treatment was the most effective in dogs suffering from adenoma, less effective in patients with epithelioma, and the least effective in those with carcinoma. |
| Key words: dog, adenoma, epithelioma, carcinoma, perianal glands tumors |